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How to seek pardon
for violating a Muslim's honor.

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If the offender violated his honor
through zina or liwat.

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Whether by force or deception.

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Repentance and its conditions.

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If it concerns the rights of Allah ﷻ.

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Regretting what has passed
and giving up the sin.

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And resolving never to return to it.

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But if it concerns people's rights,
scholars say its conditions are three.

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Along with restoring the rights
or seeking release from them.

10
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This needs elaboration.

11
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If the right is financial or similar.

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Then it must be returned to its owner.

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If he knows who its owner is.

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But he need not tell him, for example
that he stole it or that it was from him.

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If he put it in an envelope and
wrote, 'This money is yours.'

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One of your brothers owed you this,
and has returned it to you.

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And put it inside your car.

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Or he put it where you can reach it,
the objective is achieved.

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And he need not identify himself
or reveal himself.

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And if he does not know him,
such as if he went away and vanished.

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Then he gives it in charity
on his behalf.

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He resolves that whenever he sees him,
he will return it to him.

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But if the right was non-material,
such as backbiting him or insulting him.

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Then, if the person wronged
had learned of his transgression.

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If he knew he backbit or insulted him,
or the like, he must seek pardon.

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He must go to him
and ask his pardon for it.

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However.

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If the wronged person did not know
he backbit him in a gathering.

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Or insulted him without him knowing.

30
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It seems to me—and Allah knows best—
that he should not go to him.

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Rather, he should pray for him
and mention him well.

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Because going to him would cause
enmity and hatred.

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And the purpose is not achieved
by that except in one case.

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If he knows him to be reasonable
and of good nature.

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that if he told him, he would pardon him.

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and no enmity would arise
between them, then he seeks his pardon.

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If Allah knows the sinner's sincerity
in repentance.

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and that he prayed for his brother
and mentioned him well.

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then Allah ﷻ will make his brother
pleased with him, if Allah ﷻ wills.

40
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As for when the offense was zina.

41
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Or sodomy or the like.

42
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Then he repents and urges the one
who did this act with him to repent.

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This is a shared crime.
It involved both parties.

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As for the one subjected to this act,
if it was not by coercion or deceit.

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It seems to me—and Allah ﷻ knows
best—that no pardon is required.

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Rather, what is called for here
is advice and urging repentance.

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But if this was done by coercion
or deceit.

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Then he should ask the one to whom
this was done to pardon him for it.

49
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One point remains here: zina.

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It also involves another right:
the husband's, if she is married.

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And the guardian's right
if she is not married.

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So should he tell the husband
and seek pardon? The answer is no.

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Unless that resulted in a child
and he was certain it was his.

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Otherwise, apart from that,
he prays and seeks forgiveness for him.

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And Allah ﷻ knows best.

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All praise.